Steam-turbine.



7 0 1 0% 2 Y A M D B T N E T A P STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15, 1904. RENEWED DEO. 6, 1906.

o o o o 0 DO 0O INVENTORT 406 WITNESSES: 24 JMM @Mwl.

ATTORNEY.

- adj acent.

UNITED TATES ROBERT WILSON, OF WEST LYNN,

PATENT OFFICE.

MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNCR To GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A .CoR PoRATIoN OF-NEW YORK.

' STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentediMay 28. 1907.

Application filed March 15,1904. Renewed December 6,1906. Serial Ne. 290,606.

well as of centrifugal action, separate vanes may readily be removed and replaced without the sacrifice of the Wheel or the vanes In the accompanying drawings forming a partof this specification, Figure 1 is a view, mainly in section,taken transversely to the axis of rotation, steam turbine of that type of-flow in which the steam acts on-vanes movable and fixed-in 2 5; alternate series, the movable vanes not being in section, but shown in through the steam nozzles, and ting the'vanes, but for better illustration fol-.

supporting band removed. Fig. 2 is a lon itudinal section, mainly in the'plane of't e axis of rotation of the wheel, but passing also not cut I lowing the steam channels between the vanes,

' 4-4, Fig; 3,

the vanes, to S an individual vane.

i l which steam is admitted to the on line. 2+2, Fig. '1. .Said sectional plane 'cuts the bases of the vanes centrally to show the mode of insertion and fastening. -Fig.- 3".

is an enlarged plan-view of the vanes in their channel with su porting band removed. Fig. 4 is a sectiona view of the vanes on line passingthrough the shanks of ow the mode of securingjthem to wheel and band. Fig. 5,i's a plan view of Referring to Figsl and 2, a"

12,7), are the openings in the casing through nozzles.

is the casing or c, c, are the nozzles of the type, for delivering the steam to therotatory systemof impulsion vanes.) In. this instance s g -t f 'casing.

ey are shown-secured totheinterior of the f; d is the rotatory wheel which carries the movable vanes, mounted on central shaft 6.

on line l''1 oi Fig. 2, .ofa.

plan with the outer.

usual divergentgrooves or channels m,

series concentric with the axis ofrotation.

f, f, are the movablereaction vanes mounted in circular channels on the wheel d.1n one] g, g, are the stationary abutment vanes,

ilxed III circular: series intermediate and con centric. with the movable vanes,

71: is the band, secured on the outside of the vanes to each vane at its extremity, to give support to the series.

'L, t, are passage ways in the casing'for exhaust steam.

j is a fixed supporting disk for the station-- ary vanes.

Ir. is the holder for stationary vanes, secured to disk 9'.

- Other Wheels with vanes may be mounted on the same shaft, but for present purposes the illustration is suflicient.

In steam turbines of this type, whether of" radial or axial flow, the energy of the inflowing steam is imparted to the rotatory portion by reaction against the movable vanes of a series, and by change of direction of motion caused by the adjacent series of fixed or abutment vanes on which the steam current impinges after deflection by the movable vanes, a second reaction takes place upon the' secondseries of movable vanes, and i so on throughout the .successlve series unt1l the energy of the steam is exhausted. Great strain necessarily occurs upon the vanes of each series, whether movable or fixed, and

this is enhanced in the movable vanes by the great velocity attained, adding strain to thatof the direct im steam current." The making '0 the vane rings in one solid piece is costly, and'great additional expense is entailed when breakage occurs. Vanes have"- also been made remov able, but it is the obj ectof the present invention to improve the mode oi 'setting and'securing the individual vanes so that they shall have all the required strength and power of resistance against steam impact and centrifu-' gal action, While being separatelyremovableand replaceable, without impairment of.-the,

remainder of the series. .To'this end .1 pro vide in. the rotatory-wheeld and also in-the, stationary ,annular vanefholder 1c, circular rectangular in section, the vanes! are inserted; o These channels contain the heaviest portioninwhich the bases of centrifugal" act of the .9

of the vanes, and take the centrifugal strain in case of the movable vanes and transfer it to the solid wheel.

The vanes are made of the form shown in section in Fig. 5.. They may be drop forged,

shown at 0, Fig. 4, and expand the tubular end when in place by a proper tool.

It is not necessary that every one of the vanes in theseries shall be secured to the wheel by the rivet-ed shank. The bases of all the vanes are formed to accurately fit the channels-and also each other, as shown in Fig. 4, so that there'is no lost space to cause looseness. Each vane is also provided at its extremity with a projection 10, and perforations g are provided in the band it to fit all the projections, which are firmly secured to said band by upsetting or otherwise, the entire series being thus supported and tied together at their outer ends. The riveting, up-

setting or other mode of fastening is 31000111,

plished in the same manner as on the rear shanks. fire, or forgreater convenience, in sections, as shown in Fig. 1, but should extend at least over two of the shanked vanes, if sectional, with overlapping joints. This means of securing in place the separate vanes is applicable to any type of steam turbine using vanes, the essentials being the rectangular groove or channel for receiving the bases, and the means described for firmly securing the'bases in the channel and tying the vanes by their outer extremities.

I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a support that employed having a circular groove or channel formedtherein, a series of vanes having bases accurately fitting said channel, shanks on the rear of said bases, perforations in said support into which said shanks are fitted, means for securing said shanks firmly in place in said support, projections on the outer extremities of said vanes, and a band, perforated at intervals to correspond to said projections, into which said projections are firmlyseeured, substantially as specified.

2. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a rotatory member having circular grooves or channels formed therein, a iixed member having a circular groove or channel, vaneshaving bases The band may be en accurately fitting said grooves or channels,

integral shanks on said bases, perforations in said grooved memberscorresponding to said shanks and their position, in which the latter are securely fastened, projections on the outer extremities of said vanes, and bands perforated at intervals to correspond to said projections and their position, into which the latter are securely fastened, substantially as specified.

3. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a support, a plurality of vanes mounted thereon, other vanes having shanks which are secured to the support, and a cover for securing the first-mentioned vanes in place, that is attached to those vanes having shanks.

4. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a support, a plurality of vanes carried thereby, retaining shanks for a portion only of the vanes, a cover for the ends of the vanes, and projections on all of the vanes that enter openings in the cover and are riveted over to unite the cover and buckets.

5. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a support, a plurality of vanes, each having a base that engages the adjacent vane and forms a spacing device, shanks on a portion only of the vanes which enter the support and are secured thereto, a cover for the vanes having openings. therein, and projections on the vanes that enter the openings and'are riveted over to secure theparts 6. In an elastic-fluid turbine, thecombination of a carrying member, a grooved support mounted thereon, a plurality of vanes mounted in the groove, a cover secured to and covering the ends of the vanes, and shanks for the vanes that pass through and are secured to the support.

' 7. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a support, a plurality of vanes mounted thereon, projections on the vanes, shanks for a portion only of the vanes, and a segmental cover that is secured to all of the vanes, each of said segments being secured to at least two of the vanes having shanks.

8. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination of a. grooved support, a plurality of vanes, bases for the vanes which are locatedin the groove and act as separators for the vanes and also as means to keep them from twisting, shanks for-a portion only of the vanes, which enter the support and are socured thereto, and means for securing the vanes which are not provided with shanks to those that are.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT WILSON.

WVitnesses:

WILLIAM E. REID, TIMOTHY O. FARRELL. 

